一、研究论文介绍
近日,被誉为“外科学圣经”的《外科学年鉴》(AnnalsofSurgery,IF=12.969)刊登了一篇文章,比较的是机器人手术和腹腔镜手术治疗对直肠癌患者的影响研究。
这是一项回顾性队列研究,从2005年2月到2018年4月,共纳入600例接受微创手术的直肠癌患者。
患者分别接受过两种手术治疗方法:317例(52.8%)的患者接受机器人手术治疗,283例(47.2%)接受过腹腔镜手术治疗。研究希望探讨机器人和腹腔镜手术是否影响患者术后并发症的发生。该研究的主要目的探讨腹腔镜和机器人手术方法之间是否有术后并发症差异。
研究结局为住院时间(LOS)、30天再入院率、输血状况、术后肠梗阻、伤口感染、吻合口漏和总体并发症发生率。
结果发现,接受机器人手术的患者的总体并发症发生率较低(37.2%vs51.2%;P<0.001),输血需求较低(1.9% vs 7.8%;P<0.001)。两组患者的再入院率、肠梗阻率、吻合口漏率相似。中位LOS(3 vs5天;P<0.001)和延长LOS(21.45%vs43.11%;P<0.001)方面上机器人手术组更有利。
构建的并发症风险和住院时间延长(≥6天)的多变量模型显示,机器人手术是最能预防并发症的因素(OR 0.485;P=0.006)(表3)。并发症事件(OR 9.33;P<0.001)和转为开放性手术(OR 3.095;P=0.002是为延长住院时间的危险因素,而机器人手术(OR 0.62;P=0.027)是唯一独立的保护因素。
因此可以总体上说,在术后并发症发生率以及住院时间方面,机器人手术优于腹腔镜手术,即可改善患者短期结局。
二、它的统计分析方法
Continuous variables were described as mean (standard deviation) or median (interquartile range-range) as appropriate; categorical variables as frequencies and percentage. Significant differences between the 2 groups were tested by x2 or Fischer exact test for categorical variables and Student t test for continuous variables.
Univariate analysis for odds to any complication and LOS 6 days was performed by logistic regression for every confounder from our database; a multivariable model was built considering significant (P < 0.05) variables from the univariate regression; results are shown as odds ratio (OR) [95% confidence interval]. All tests were 2-sided, a P-value <0.05 was considered statistically significant. Analysiswas performed using JMPPro (Version 13.0, SAS Institute, Cary, NC).
那它怎么就发表了呢?
三、论回顾性队列研究的分析方法